Between 2015 and 2020, the number of states reporting to the FBI's Uniform Crime Reporting Program's Human Trafficking (UCR-HT) data collection has increased from 37 to 47. Sex trafficking can take place in private homes, massage parlors, hotels, or brothels, among other locations, as well as on the internet. In addition, the President may determine to withhold funding for government official or employee participation in educational and cultural exchange programs in the case of certain Tier 3 countries. The anti-trafficking community pivoted to address new circumstances during the COVID-19 pandemic, demonstrated resilience, and produced advanced solutions that could be beneficial even after the pandemic, but many challenges still exist and continue to emerge. The information provided below only includes assistance obligated as of April 5, 2021. These challenges further compound existing vulnerabilities to exploitation, including human trafficking. This limited approach to realizing both goals causes harm, especially when those organizations then claim they are survivor-informed but only focus on the survivors story or benefits to the organization and decline to implement the survivors recommendations or consider their feedback. Japan They left their country with fake passports and worked hard laying asphalt and stone in residential neighborhoods. Equally notable, she has personally assisted former child soldiers released from prison and used her own money to help cover expenses for necessities. Equatorial Guinea Brazil Survivors have known that the justice system is flawed: just ask the victims arrested and prosecuted for their traffickers crimes., Fainess Lipenga, Trained customer-facing staff can recognize, document, and report behavioral indicators of human trafficking. Section 1 lists the countries identified as being in violation of the standards under the CSPA in 2020. There are certain types of forced labor that are frequently distinguished for emphasis or because they are widespread: Domestic servitude is a form of forced labor in which the trafficker requires a victim to perform work in a private residence. Instead, Katherins boss forced her to stay in his home. Since the signing of the action plan in 2017, the UN has not reported any further use of children by the CJTF. As vulnerabilities increase and human traffickers quickly adapt, governments must take steps to address anti-trafficking efforts in their COVID-19 strategies, including by supporting and cooperating with the anti-trafficking community as it adjusts to the pandemic operating environment. Indonesia Paraguay Ibusuki not only has represented trafficking victims, many of whom participated in Japans Technical Intern Training Program, but also has been an outspoken advocate about the presence of forced labor in the program. In addition to putting a child trafficking victim at ease by providing a safe and structured environment for play and learning, such spaces also can help facilitate the prosecution of human traffickers by offering critical support to children as they provide information to law enforcement to help hold perpetrators accountable. 10 U.S.C. Page 9: Picture Alliance Similarly, a study by the Government of the Philippines also found many overseas Filipino workers were stranded with their savings exhausted during 2020. The US Department of State has once again urged Government to crack down on officials suspected of being involved in human trafficking. Belarus The Government of Nigeria is taking continuing and effective steps to address the problem of child soldiers. However, that's changed. Every year adults and, to a lesser extent, children migrate voluntarily to countries in the Middle East to work in a variety of sectors, such as agriculture, construction, and domestic service. that senior government officials were involved in human trafficking, Rowley said the . The multi-faceted challenges generated by the COVID-19 pandemic continue to evolve and expose vulnerability in individuals, as well as systemic gaps. Central African Republic The embassy, along with the Ministry of National Security, the police Counter Trafficking Unit and other law-enforcement agencies, will work to improve identification, screening, arrests and prosecution of trafficking cases. TT, along with countries in regions around the globe, gets a data-call request from the embassy every November. Human trafficking continues to be a critical threat to Black communities. We commit to bringing this dedication to our efforts to fight human trafficking as well. Section 4. Cote DIvoire As of April 5, no funds subject to CSPA have been obligated. These individuals include NGO workers, lawmakers, government officials, survivors of human trafficking, and concerned citizens. During the three months of Spains lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic, under Moras leadership, APRAMP quickly redirected its efforts toward the detection of new spaces where commercial sex was happening. Additional Details South Sudan Organizations must incorporate the voices of multiple survivors into their trauma-informed practices. Adrienne Sgarlato The needs of child trafficking victims and the related legal reporting requirements differ significantly from those of adult victims. Despite the attention towards and growth in understanding of a survivor-informed approach, gaps arose in how different agencies and organizations in various settings applied it. When responding to the impacts of the COVID-19 virus, it is important that those working on safety and security measures are equipped with the knowledge and resources to identify and refer cases of human trafficking. Chile Kyrgyz Republic The United States provides targeted assistance to strengthen key Libyan institutions and build security capacity, promote political reconciliation, and increase Libyas capacity to stand on its own through more effective governance. Page 50: Ernst Coppejans Venezuela. July 4, 2021. These stereotypes may affect, for example, which communities law enforcement target for anti-trafficking operations, which victim witnesses the criminal justice system deems credible, and which individuals process their experiences as exploitation and seek help. While traffickers used the opportunity of increased numbers of children online to expand their operations, it should be noted that a portion of the increase resulted from the recirculation of sensationalized trafficking-related stories and misinformation on social media platforms. Such circumstances create unique vulnerabilities. Sarah Davis Eventually, they released Mei and allowed her to go back to Kazakhstan. To maintain momentum and coordination in implementation, the Secretary-General extended the mandate of the Special Coordinator on improving the UN response to sexual exploitation and abuse until 31 December 2021. In 2019, Congress amended the TVPA to acknowledge that governments can also act as traffickers, referring specifically to a government policy or pattern of human trafficking, human trafficking in government-funded programs, forced labor in government-affiliated medical services or other sectors, sexual slavery in government camps, or the employment or recruitment of child soldiers. Peacekeeping Operations Disrespecting survivor leaders and their experiences hurts and further exploits survivors, who are key stakeholders in the anti-trafficking movement, and it ultimately perpetuates a harmful and deficient understanding of what it means to be survivor-informed. It said that authorities continued investigating two dozen police officers alleged to be involved in human trafficking, but none of these investigations moved to prosecution. Organizations can set themselves up for success in a manner that is adaptivenot stagnantto meet the evolving challenges of anti-trafficking efforts by mindfully weaving together survivor-leadership and trauma-informed approaches for the collective good of all who engage in anti-trafficking spaces. From 2000 to 2020, SIFOS helped identify 578 child trafficking victims and reintegrate 9,039 children into local society. Getoria Berry More than 175 countries have ratified or acceded to the UN TIP Protocol which defines trafficking in persons and contains obligations to prevent and combat the crime. Reports of human rights violations attributable to state security forces is on a downward trend. The US Department of State released the report on July 19, 2022, at the behest of its Bureau for Civilian Security, Democracy and Human Rights Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons. Desire Suo Weymont Domestic workers are often isolated and may work alone in a house. broad-based law enforcement or developmental initiatives. A trauma-informed approach should ultimately build trust and transparency between survivors and service providers, and it must also be responsive to gender, age, ethnic, and cultural differences. Section 1. Conversations related to human trafficking typically held by community, tribal, and religious leaders were often cancelled or postponed. I then started working in escorting services through a bar where I didnt know the rates charged, didnt handle the money, and had little to no control over refusing clients who were violent or wouldnt use condoms. Zoran Piperovic, the republic's deputy. Forms of slavery or slavery-like practicesincluding the sale of children, forced or compulsory child labor, and debt bondage and serfdom of childrencontinue to exist, despite legal prohibitions and widespread condemnation. Other children excel, whether because school is where they feel safe or because they have been conditioned to please adults in their lives or developed resiliency and survival skills early in life. We will seek to use our year-round engagement with governments, advocates, and the private sector to build a more effective anti-trafficking strategy rooted in equity. #RealNumbersPH data (Courtesy of PDEA). As of April 5, IMET funding was obligated for the following activity: military professionalization training. A crucial step for combating human trafficking in and out of the pandemic context is establishing specialized trafficking committees, offices, and/or units committed to ensuring anti-trafficking efforts are maintained and resources are less likely to be diverted. To continue responding in the long termwhether amid the COVID-19 pandemic or other future crisesstakeholders should consider proactive planning for adaptation and flexibility to future crises through extensive risk mitigation and management tools. She trains government officials regularly, sharing important experiences on working with victims at Sana Sezims human trafficking shelter. List of Waivers or Exceptions Exercised under Section 404(a). In that project, the embassy will provide consultation services for improving TT law enforcements response to human trafficking. Trafficking in persons, human trafficking, and modern slavery are umbrella termsoften used interchangeablyto refer to a crime whereby traffickers exploit and profit at the expense of adults or children by compelling them to perform labor or engage in commercial sex. Korea, North While technology allowed the anti-trafficking community to navigate more easily the myriad challenges caused by the pandemic, its expanded use highlighted the importance of ensuring victims access to technology and online services, as well as their safety and privacy when using technology to receive victim assistance. The COVID-19 pandemic is a health crisis with unprecedented repercussions for human rights and economic development globally, including in human trafficking. Page 13: Smita Sharma In the long term, private-sector collaboration should aim to improve the ability of companies to withstand shocks from crises that could leave portions of their workforce vulnerable to trafficking. In response to the risks of carrying out in-person research activities in communities that are vulnerable to both COVID-19 and trafficking, Freedom Fund drew on multisectoral best practices and guidance to create criteria for determining whether in-person research during COVID-19 can be safely conducted, as well as health and safety procedures to ensuring safe interactions. Unlike during the years under former President Kabila, senior Congolese Armed Forces (FARDC) leadership now welcomes increased military cooperation with the United States. Security assistance to Afghanistan subject to the CSPA restriction fulfills critical U.S. counterterrorism objectives and fosters conditions that enable an end to the conflict in Afghanistan. The majority of the allegations were in the Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, and South Sudan. These groups have found success in exploiting the publics concerns about child sex trafficking, using false information as a gateway to radicalize members. Allocating resources to debunk myths and misinformation about human trafficking takes time away from critical services including responding to survivors seeking help. Senegal Some employees of NGOs that help identify and provide services to survivors of human trafficking have even faced threats of violence by followers of these theories. When she arrived, she learned her boss owned a roadside stall instead of a store. With enough time for traffickers to establish effective methods to recruit and groom their victims and insufficient avenues to prosecute various forms of online sexual exploitation, the pandemic accelerated and accrued the challenges to combating online sex trafficking. Governments, investors, researchers, and civil-society actors should explore how microfinance and other forms of social finance can support survivors. At first when she arrived in Manila, nothing seemed wrong; Benilda enjoyed a comfortable life and went to a good school. In this committee, she played a major role in promoting victim identification and protections for child trafficking victims. The use of child-friendly spaces reflects a multidisciplinary approach, providing a place for children to feel safe in the wake of trauma and for social workers, medical professionals, law enforcement, and others to conduct victim interviews, psychosocial counseling, and medical care all in the same location. Report: Police, coast guard, immigration officers also involved. There is no limit on the location or type of industry. Ghana Shoichi Ibusuki has been an unrelenting champion of protecting foreign workers rights, and he has worked tirelessly for years on behalf of foreign technical trainees to assist victims of forced labor and prevent abuse within Japans Technical Intern Training Program. February 28, 2023. A complete list that includes all of the countries covered by the 2021 Trafficking in Persons Report is available at: https://www.state.gov/international-conventions-relevant-to-combating-trafficking-in-persons/. b. the United States toward agreed goals and objectives in the collective fight against trafficking. In addition, PKO and IMET funding has supported areas such as military justice, civil-military relations, human rights training, IHL training, English language training, military engineering, and resource management and logistics, which not only enhances security provision, but also helps make the FARDC a more transparent, accountable institution. The Government of Russia had a government policy or pattern of trafficking. Regardless of whether the process was delayed or expedited, repatriation of trafficking victims had the potential to lead to serious health and protection risks in the countries of return, as well as increased costs and added difficulty due to quarantine requirements upon arrival. Given constraints around physical space and financial resources, service providers and NGOs may need to develop creative ways to establish a child-friendly space. The governments efforts to address child soldiers are continually discussed at regular RJMEC and CTSAMVM meetings. Page 46: Getty/Greg Baker Second, ensuring that a child feels safe is crucial, which means that the physical space must be easily accessible, ideally through its own entrance and exit, and separates the survivor from the perpetrator to prevent further trauma. Page 30: Reuters/Jackson Njehia Though difficult work remains ahead, the past year has already demonstrated stakeholders unwavering determination and promising innovations amid exceptional challenges. The official explained, "The 2022 Trafficking in Persons (TIP) Report covered government efforts undertaken during the reporting period from April 1, 2021, through March 31, 2022." The US Embassy and Department of State are coordinating counter-trafficking in TT through three key programs, according to the embassy spokesperson. The number of arrests reported for human trafficking involving involuntary servitude increased from 66 in 2015 to 146 in 2019 before declining to 92 in 2020. In her role as Presidential Advisor and the national Disarmament, Demobilization, and Repatriation programs Strategic Focal Point for Children, Bemaka-Soui operationalized the governments nascent anti-trafficking interagency committee and led the development and implementation of the countrys first national action plan on human trafficking. Unfortunately, enduring misconceptions about human trafficking have helped misinformation and rumors about the crime spread rapidly throughout communities and through social media, particularly in the United States. In the Gulf States, an IST Research survey of 6,000 migrant workers concluded employers were 36 percent more likely to confine migrant domestic workers to their workplace and were 240 percent more likely to force those workers to work on rest days than any other migrant workers. The owner kept Aarav from communicating with his family and threatened physical abuse if he tried to leave. Sex trafficking encompasses the range of activities involved when a trafficker uses force, fraud, or coercion to compel another person to engage in a commercial sex act or causes a child to engage in a commercial sex act. Kuwait The project retrofits select state-run or state-supported residential homes that provide housing to victims of trafficking by installing infrastructural upgrades, equipment and resources to create spaces for medical services, counselling and academic and vocational training for trafficking victims. Section 2. For the United States, this means confronting its history of chattel slavery, indigenous dispossession, and the centuries-long racial campaigns of violence, fear, and trauma that followed. Malaysia Survivors may encounter a large number of health indicators and somatic complaints due to having to endure trauma for a long period of time at an early age, including head, stomach, and body aches; throat and urinary tract infections; interrupted sleep due to nightmares and flashbacks; difficulty concentrating; asthma; and more. De La Rue Scholarship winner Justin Edwards plans to give back, Man shot, wounded at San Fernando workplace, Penal man, woman on $150,000 bail each on gun, ammo charges, Chaguanas chamber supports CoP in crime fight, Appeal Court reserves ruling on NWRHA employee shot at hospital, Woman sues over leaked nude photos, videos of extramarital affair, Tancoo on West's query on missing property tax info: Govt clueless. Page 59: Picture Alliance The chart below shows the Ratification, Accession (a), or Acceptance (A) of relevant international conventions for those countries that have ratified, acceded to, or accepted any such conventions between April 2020 and March 2021. Whether the government of the country protects victims of severe forms of trafficking in persons and encourages their assistance in the investigation and prosecution of such trafficking, including provisions for legal alternatives to their removal to countries in which they would face retribution or hardship, and ensures that victims are not inappropriately incarcerated, fined, or otherwise penalized solely for unlawful acts as a direct result of being trafficked, including by providing training to law enforcement and immigration officials regarding the identification and treatment of trafficking victims using approaches that focus on the needs of the victims. This sustained assistance to the ANDSF through IMET plays an important role in preserving Afghanistans security, political, and economic gains, including by enhancing awareness of and respect for human rights across the ANDSF. It is imperative that the public fully understand the negative effects that spreading and acting on these rumors and misinformation can have on service providers, victims and survivors, and the broader anti-trafficking field. governmental efforts to reduce the demand for commercial sex acts and international sex tourism. The 2007 TIP Report showed for the first time a breakout of the number of total prosecutions and convictions that related to labor trafficking, placed in parentheses. We are engaging with the government of Cameroon to encourage an investigation of the single case of Cameroons security forces using a child for the gathering of intelligence that resulted in their inclusion on the 2020 CSPA list and to prevent similar situations from occurring again. A service provider in Colombia ensured that all trafficking victims they served had access to the internet and a smartphone to receive online counseling services and mobile vouchers for food and hygienic products. For example, many children would benefit from having one-on-one support to develop an individualized program with the survivor and meet with them several times a week. A force of nature, she has prioritized achieving systemic change through grassroots action and effective networking. Consistent with the definition of human trafficking, governments should not penalize or prosecute victims of trafficking in persons for the unlawful acts their trafficker compelled them to commit. Many of us are sexually assaulted by family, peers in schools, our ministers, or coaches. We were given drugs that kept us numb. Page 20: Seivan Salim Training Advisor to The Human Trafficking Legal Center, We were sold for a certain amount of money for 30 minutes or an hour. Benin The PRC governments Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (Bingtuan), an economic and paramilitary organization with administrative control over several areas in the region comprising nearly three million personnel, forces members of prison populations and local communities alike to work in hazardous mining, construction, manufacturing, food processing, andfor many thousands of Uyghur adults and childrencotton harvesting. Korea, North Luxembourg The importance of proactive response and crisis mitigation planning to anti-trafficking activities. An operations room in Abu Dhabi and UAE personnel took part in the campaign against migrant smuggling and trafficking gangs that led to 286 arrests globally. Despite this, the successes, the failures, and even the unknown results of the anti-trafficking response to COVID-19 allowed for new insights and solutions to pave a better path forward. In recent years, participants in online forums have spread a number of false and misleading claims about child sex trafficking, sometimes deliberately deceiving the public through disinformation efforts connected to conspiracy theories unrelated to human trafficking. The U.S. National Center for Missing and Exploited Children (NCMEC) reported a 98.66 percent increase in online enticement reports between January and September 2020 compared to the same period in 2019, and reports to their CyberTipline doubled to 1.6 million. 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